The Beta-Alanine Advantage
It does what creatine can't – it prolongs muscle performance in activities that last longer than 60 seconds.
Take creatine consistently and it'll support your ATP-PCr energy system so you can do more reps. The trouble is, once your set extends beyond 60 seconds, creatine's not much help. That wasn't a problem in the past for lifters because they rarely did any lifting that lasted longer than a minute.Enter CrossFit, HIIT, and interval training. All these exercise modalities involve 1 to 5-minute-long bouts, typically with rest intervals lasting less than 2 minutes. In cases like that, creatine sits on the sidelines. For any activity lasting longer than 60 seconds, beta-alanine beats creatine. It's a non-essential amino acid that increases the amount of work you can do at high intensities.
The Studies
Studies consistently show that beta-alanine increases strength, muscle-power output, training volume, high-intensity exercise performance, and aerobic capacity in a variety of sports. In one of the largest published studies on beta-alanine, researchers found that it improves athletic performance by 10.49%.Soccer players who ingested about 3 grams of beta-alanine every day for 12 weeks increased their performance by over 34%, compared to -8% in a group receiving a placebo. Boxers who took 1.5 grams of beta-alanine four times a day increased the force of their punches by 20 times and the rate at which they threw punches by four times, compared to a placebo group.
Another study, this one involving competitive rowers, found that beta-alanine improved 2,000-meter rowing performance by 2.9 seconds, equivalent to at least a couple of scull lengths.
Even the military found direct evidence supporting the use of beta-alanine to enhance combat-specific performance: it increases cognition while under stress.
Since it's a hybrid between GABA and L-glycine, two powerful neurotransmitters, many scientists also classify beta-alanine as a secondary neurotransmitter, which is why users also benefit from its stimulatory effects.
Beta-Alanine Amino Acid1920×785 356 KB
How Does Beta-Alanine Improve Performance?
Carnosine is a di-peptide molecule made of two amino acids: histidine and beta-alanine. If you ingest more beta-alanine, you create more carnosine. Carnosine sucks up reactive oxygen species, which soar super-high during exercise.More importantly, carnosine protects against the build-up of hydrogen ions during high-intensity exercise. This prevents pH from dropping, preventing the loss or diminution of enzyme function and muscle-excitation coupling you need to keep on training.
In short, you'll notice that you can push an exercise harder for longer.
What's the Best Way to Take Beta-Alanine?
You can't just take beta-alanine right now and expect it to kick in 15 minutes as you pull into the gym parking lot. Beta-alanine gradually builds up levels of muscle carnosine.In fact, the size of individual doses doesn't even matter much. Instead, it's the total dose over time that affects muscle carnosine levels. Furthermore, carnosine has a super long clearance rate in the muscle, so pretty much the longer you take it, the better you'll be able to perform any form of exercise lasting between 1 and 5 minutes. If you stopped taking it, levels would decline at the rate of approximately 2% every two weeks, which is super-slow as far as clearance rates go.
And remember, beta-alanine is also considered a secondary neurotransmitter – it has a stimulatory effect. Unlike the endurance and strength-building capacities of beta-alanine which take a few days to kick in, the stimulatory properties kick in within minutes.