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[h=1]Alejandro Mayorkas[/h] From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Alejandro Mayorkas
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United States Secretary of Homeland Security | |
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Nominee
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Assuming office
TBD | |
President | Joe Biden (elect) |
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Succeeding | Kirstjen Nielsen (de jure)
Chad Wolf (de facto) |
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6th United States Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security | |
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In office
December 23, 2013 – October 28, 2016 | |
President | Barack Obama |
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Preceded by | Jane Holl Lute |
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Succeeded by | Elaine Duke |
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Director of United States Citizenship and Immigration Services | |
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In office
August 12, 2009 – December 23, 2013 | |
President | Barack Obama |
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Preceded by | Jonathan Scharfen (acting) |
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Succeeded by | Lori Scialabba (acting) |
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United States Attorney for the Central District of California | |
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In office
December 21, 1998[SUP][1][/SUP] – April 20, 2001 | |
President | Bill Clinton
George W. Bush |
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Preceded by | Nora Margaret Manella[SUP][2][/SUP] |
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Succeeded by | Debra Wong Yang[SUP][3][/SUP] |
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Personal details | |
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Born | November 24, 1959 (age 61)
Havana, Cuba |
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Political party | Democratic |
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Education | University of California, Berkeley (BA)
Loyola Law School, Los Angeles (JD) |
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Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas (born November 24, 1959) is an American lawyer and former government official.
Born in Cuba, he grew up in
California and graduated from the
University of California, Berkeley as well as
Loyola Law School, Los Angeles. During the
Clinton administration, Mayorkas served as
U.S. Attorney for the Central District of California. During the
Obama administration, he served in the
Department of Homeland Security, first as Director of
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (2009–13) and then as
Deputy Secretary (2013–14). In 2016, he became a partner at
Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr, a Washington, D.C. law firm. On November 23, 2020,
President-elect Joe Biden announced that he has nominated Mayorkas to serve as
Secretary of Homeland Security in the
his Cabinet.
[h=2]Contents[/h]
[h=2]Early life and education[/h]
Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas[SUP]
[4][/SUP] was born in
Havana,
Cuba, on November 24, 1959.[SUP]
[5][/SUP] His parents arrived with him and his sister to the United States in 1960 as refugees, following the
Cuban Revolution. He lived in
Miami,
Florida, before his family moved to
Los Angeles,
California, where he was raised for the remainder of his youth.[SUP]
[6][/SUP]
His father was a
Cuban Jew of
Sephardic background and his mother a
Romanian Jew whose family escaped
the Holocaust and fled to Cuba in the 1940s[SUP]
[7][/SUP][SUP]
[8][/SUP][SUP]
[9][/SUP] where his father owned and operated a
steel wool factory.[SUP]
[6][/SUP]
Mayorkas earned his Bachelor of Arts degree with distinction from the
University of California, Berkeley, in 1981. He received his
Juris Doctor from
Loyola Law School in Los Angeles in 1985.[SUP]
[10][/SUP]
[h=2]Career[/h][h=3]Assistant United States Attorney[/h]After three years as a litigation associate in private practice, Mayorkas became an Assistant United States Attorney in the
Central District of California in 1989. He prosecuted a wide array of federal crimes, developing a specialization in the prosecution of
white-collar crime. His prosecutions included the successful prosecution of Operation PolarCap, then the largest
money laundering case in the nation; the conviction at trial of
Heidi Fleiss on charges of federal conspiracy, tax fraud, and money laundering charges; the successful prosecutions of two largest
telemarketing fraud operations that preyed on the elderly; and the successful prosecution of a
health care fraud and
insurance fraud conspiracy.[SUP]
[10][/SUP]
Mayorkas served as the coordinator of the Southern California Telemarketing Fraud Task Force, overseeing the coordination of federal, state, and local law enforcement and regulatory agencies to most aggressively combat telemarketing fraud throughout the Central District of California.[SUP]
[10][/SUP]
From 1996 to 1998, Mayorkas served as Chief of the Office's General Crimes Section, overseeing the training and trial work of all new Assistant United States Attorneys in the Criminal Division. He received numerous awards from federal law enforcement agencies, including from FBI Director
Louis Freeh for the successful prosecution of Operation PolarCap.[SUP]
[10][/SUP]
[h=3]United States Attorney[/h]In 1998, Mayorkas was recommended by Senator
Dianne Feinstein and appointed by President
Bill Clinton as the United States Attorney for the Central District of California, becoming the country's youngest United States Attorney.[SUP]
[11][/SUP][SUP]
[10][/SUP]
Mayorkas oversaw the prosecution of high-profile criminal cases, including the prosecution of the
Mexican Mafia in death penalty proceedings, the prosecution of Buford O. Furrow, Jr. for the
murder of a federal postal worker and the hate-motivated shooting of children in a community center, the prosecution of
Litton Industries for the payment of bribes abroad, and the takedown of the violent
18th Street gang using
RICO statutes.[SUP]
[10][/SUP]
In late 2000, Mayorkas was one of many California officials who participated in efforts to obtain executive clemency for narcotics trafficker
Carlos Vignali, Jr., the son of a wealthy Los Angeles businessman. On his last day in office in January 2001, Clinton commuted Vignali's 15-year prison sentence, a
controversial decision.[SUP]
[12][/SUP][SUP]
[13][/SUP]
As the U.S. Attorney, Mayorkas created the Civil Rights Section to prosecute hate crimes and other acts of intolerance and discrimination more effectively, and served as Vice Chair of the Attorney General's Advisory Subcommittee on Civil Rights and as a member of the Subcommittee on Ethics in Government. He received numerous law enforcement and community awards, including the U.S. Postal Inspection Service's highest award for the successful prosecution of
Buford O. Furrow, Jr.[SUP]
[14][/SUP]
[h=3]Private law practice[/h]In September 2001, Mayorkas joined the international law firm of
O'Melveny & Myers LLP as a litigation partner, representing Fortune 100 and other companies in high profile and sensitive investigations and trial court cases. He advised boards of directors and top executives, covering a wide array of industries including telecommunications, health care, consumer safety, aerospace, and media. He was a member of the firm's governing Policy Committee, Chair of the firm's Values Awards Committee, Chair of the Warren Christopher Scholarship Committee, and a recipient of the firm's Values Award.[SUP]
[15][/SUP] In 2008,
The National Law Journal named Mayorkas one of the "50 Most Influential Minority Lawyers in America."[SUP]
[16][/SUP]
Upon the election of
Barack Obama in
November 2008, Mayorkas was selected by the president-elect for a role in the
presidential transition leading up to the
inauguration. He led the transition team responsible for the U.S. Department of Justice's Criminal Division.[SUP]
[17][/SUP]
[h=3]Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services[/h]In 2009, Mayorkas was appointed by President Obama as the director of
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).[SUP]
[18][/SUP] On May 20, 2009, the nomination was received by the Senate; on August 7, 2009, the nomination was confirmed by the Senate by
voice vote.[SUP]
[19][/SUP] As CIS director, Mayorkas championed
United States citizenship, management efficiencies and fiscal responsibility, and safeguarding the integrity of the immigration system.[SUP]
[20][/SUP] He implemented the
Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) process in 60 days.[SUP]
[21][/SUP] He led U.S. government efforts to rescue orphaned children following the
January 2010 earthquake in Haiti and led the advancement of a crime victims unit that, for the first time, resulted in the ability of the agency to administer the statutory maximum number of
visas to victims of crime.[SUP]
[20][/SUP]
For his work as director of USCIS, Mayorkas received awards from the Illinois Coalition for Immigrant and Refugee Rights, the
Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights of Los Angeles, and the
Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund.[SUP]
[22][/SUP]
In 2015, a Department of Homeland Security inspector general (DHS IG) report criticized Mayorkas' oversight of the
EB-5 investor visa program, which offered lawful permanent resident status (green cards) to foreign investors who invested a half-million dollars into businesses that created jobs in the U.S.[SUP]
[23][/SUP] The program's popularity greatly increased under Mayorkas's tenure.[SUP]
[23][/SUP] The DHS IG report, which was the culmination of an investigation beginning in 2013,[SUP]
[24][/SUP] focused on allegations that politically connected businesses were given special treatment under the program, focusing specifically on the
Sahara casino and hotel in Las Vegas, backed by then-Senate Majority Leader
Harry Reid, and an electric car company led by
Terry McAuliffe and involving
Anthony Rodham.[SUP]
[23][/SUP] The report concluded that "The juxtaposition of Mr. Mayorkas' communication with external stakeholders on specific matters outside the normal procedures, coupled with favorable action that deviated from the regulatory scheme designed to ensure fairness and evenhandedness in adjudicating benefits, created an appearance of favoritism and special access."[SUP]
[23][/SUP] The "fast-tracking" of approvals for individuals involved in the casino program was controversial because it was made over the objections of USCIS analysts "who were suspicious about the source of the funds."[SUP]
[25][/SUP]
[h=3]Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security[/h]Mayorkas was promoted to the position of Deputy Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, to fill the vacancy left by the departure of
Jane Holl Lute from that post. Nominated by Obama in June 2013, Mayorkas was confirmed as the Deputy Secretary on December 20, 2014 following a party-line Senate vote.[SUP]
[26][/SUP][SUP]
[4][/SUP] Upon his confirmation, he became the highest-ranking
Cuban-American in the Obama administration.[SUP]
[5][/SUP]
The DHS inspector general's investigation into Mayorkas's intervention as CIS director to expedite reviews for applicants for foreign investor visas in three cases caused controversy and delayed his confirmation proceedings.[SUP]
[27][/SUP][SUP]
[28][/SUP] The inspector general's report found that Mayorkas's acts did not violate the law, but did create an appearance of favoritism.[SUP]
[27][/SUP] In
House Homeland Security Committee testimony in May 2015, Mayorkas expressed regret that his intervention created an impression of favoritism, but said his involvement was motivated by a desire to ensure that the applications were handled in accordance with the law: "I did not let errors go unchecked, but instead helped ensure that those cases were decided correctly, nothing more and nothing less."[SUP]
[28][/SUP]
As deputy secretary, Mayorkas's work focused on
cybersecurity.[SUP]
[28][/SUP] He led the DHS's negotiations with Israel and China on cybersecurity.[SUP]
[29][/SUP] After the
normalization of U.S.-Cuba relations, Mayorkas led the Obama administration's delegation to Cuba,[SUP]
[29][/SUP] and negotiated with the Cuban government on port and cargo security and U.S.-Cuba travel.[SUP]
[8][/SUP]
Mayorkas was also involved in the Department's
counterterrorism and anti-
cybercrime efforts, the Department's presence on GAO's "high risk list" for management challenges, and
public-private partnerships,[SUP]
[30][/SUP] as well as DHS's efforts to fight antisemitism.[SUP]
[8][/SUP]
[h=3]Return to private practice, 2017-2020[/h]In October 2016, Mayorkas joined the law firm of
Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr in the firm's Washington office.[SUP]
[31][/SUP] In March 2017, Mayorkas was named by
Lawdragon as one of the 500 leading lawyers in America.[SUP]
[32][/SUP] In June 2017, Mayorkas was selected to serve as the Chairman of the
United States Chamber of Commerce's Cyber Leadership Council, beginning July 2017.[SUP]
[33][/SUP] In 2019,
Latino Leaders Magazine named him one of the 101 most influential American Latinos.[SUP]
[34][/SUP]
[h=3]Secretary of Homeland Security designate[/h]On November 23, 2020,
President-elect Joe Biden announced his plan to nominate Mayorkas to be Secretary of Homeland Security.[SUP]
[35][/SUP][SUP]
[36][/SUP]
[h=2]Personal life[/h]Mayorkas is married and has three daughters.[SUP]
[8][/SUP] He is Jewish.[SUP]
[8][/SUP]
[h=2]References[/h]
[h=2][/h]
"Former United States Attorneys".
www.justice.gov. November 4, 2015.
Archived from the original on May 4, 2019. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
"PN19 - Nomination of Alejandro N. Mayorkas for Department of Justice, 106th Congress (1999-2000)".
www.congress.gov. August 2, 1999.
Archived from the original on May 4, 2019. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
"PN1594 - Nomination of Debra W. Yang for Department of Justice, 107th Congress (2001-2002)".
www.congress.gov. April 22, 2002.
Archived from the original on May 4, 2019. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
PN640 — Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas — Department of Homeland Security, 113th Congress (2013-2014), Congress.gov.
Ted Hesson,
Biden picks Cuban-American lawyer Mayorkas as U.S. homeland security chief, Reuters (November 23, 2020).
Marshall, Serena.
"55 Years Later, US Official Prepares for Emotional Return to Cuba".
ABC News.
Archived from the original on January 10, 2020. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
Hesson, Ted (July 25, 2013).
"Meet the Cuban Immigrant Who Could Run Homeland Security".
ABC News.
Archived from the original on October 3, 2014. Retrieved May 18, 2014.
Zonshine, Idan (November 12, 2020).
"Alejandro Mayorkas, the Cuban-Jewish attorney who may head Biden's DHS".
The Jerusalem Post.
Archived from the original on November 22, 2020.
Nick Miroff & Maria Sacchetti (November 23, 2020).
"Biden picks Alejandro Mayorkas, a son of Jewish Cuban refugees, to lead the Department of Homeland Security".
Rosenzweig, David (October 9, 1998).
"Feinstein Recommends Mayorkas for U.S. Attorney in L.A." Los Angeles Times.
ProQuest 421322576.
Archived from the original on January 7, 2017. Retrieved January 6, 2017.
Fox, Ben (November 23, 2020).
"Ex-Homeland Security official Mayorkas returns under Biden".
Associated Press. Retrieved November 25, 2020.
Purdum, Todd S. (February 22, 2001).
"A Convict in the Storm's Eye Had Plenty of Other Help".
The New York Times.
ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
Brown, Carrie Budoff (October 14, 2008).
"Clinton scandal figure on Justice team".
Politico. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
"Mayorkas Joins Litigation Team at O'Melveny". Los Angeles Daily Journal. July 26, 2001.
"Archived copy".
O'Melveny.
Archived from the original on May 14, 2017. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
"The 50 Most Influential Minority Lawyers in America" (PDF).
Archived (PDF) from the original on October 28, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2018.
C. Ryan Barber,
Wilmer Partner Alejandro Mayorkas Picked for Homeland Security Secretary,
National Law Journal (November 23, 2020).
Hesson, Ted (November 24, 2020).
"Biden picks Cuban-American lawyer Mayorkas as U.S. homeland security chief".
Reuters. Retrieved November 25, 2020.
PN488 — Alejandro N. Mayorkas — Department of Homeland Security, 111th Congress (2009-2010), Congress.gov.
Watanabe, Teresa (May 24, 2010).
"Head of U.S. legal immigration system wins high marks from advocates for immigrants".
Los Angeles Times.
Preston, Julia.
"Quick Start to Program Offering Immigrants a Reprieve".
New York Times.
Archived from the original on May 19, 2017. Retrieved August 24, 2017.
"Letter from Joshua Hoyt, Executive Director".
Illinois Coalition for Immigrant and Refugee Rights. April 15, 2011.
Archived from the original on May 5, 2017. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
Mosk, Matthew; Ross, Brian (March 24, 2015).
"Top Homeland Official Alejandro Mayorkas Accused of Political Favoritism".
ABC News.
Caldwell, Alicia (July 23, 2013).
"Homeland Security official probed".
Associated Press.
Loten, Angus (August 8, 2013).
"Some USCIS Employees Say Alejandro Mayorkas Gave Special Treatment to Casino Project Backed by Foreigners".
The Wall Street Journal.
Roll Call Vote: Question: On the Nomination (Confirmation Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, to be Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security, 113th Congress, 1st Session, United States Senate.
Zolan Kanno-Youngs,
Biden Nominates Cuban-Born Lawyer to Lead Homeland Security Dept.,
New York Times (November 23, 2020).
Julia Preston,
Homeland Security Official Defends Handling of Visa Program,
New York Times (May 1, 2015).
Suzanne Gamboa,
First Latino tapped to head DHS signals shift from Trump's hard-line immigration policies, NBC News (November 23, 2020).
"Ali Mayorkas".
The Business of Government Magazine: 27. Spring 2011.
"Homeland Security Deputy Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas Joins WilmerHale" (Press release). Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr. October 5, 2016.
"The 2017 Lawdragon 500 Leading Lawyers - Lawdragon".
Archived from the original on July 19, 2018. Retrieved April 26, 2018.
"US Chamber Announces Alejandro Mayorkas as Chair of Cyber Leadership Council".
Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr. June 15, 2017.
Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2017.
"Archived copy".
Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
Ken Thomas & Andrew Restuccia (November 23, 2020).
"Biden Reveals Some Cabinet Picks".
The Wall Street Journal.